実際にイベント告知アプリケーションを作成しながらRailsの機能を触っていきます。まず最初に実装する仕様やルーティング、ER図などを確認します。
rails newする際は開発のノイズになったり、サーバ起動時に不要なコンポーネントを読み込んでメモリを余計に消費してしますので、不要なコンポーネントを生成しないようなオプションを追加します。
$ rails _6.0.3_ new awesome_events --skip-action-mailbox --skip-action-text --skip-action-cable
create
create README.md
create Rakefile
create .ruby-version
create config.ru
create .gitignore
create Gemfile
run git init from "."
Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/SAYO/workspace/perfect_rails/awesome_events/.git/
create package.json
create app
create app/assets/config/manifest.js
create app/assets/stylesheets/application.css
create app/channels/application_cable/channel.rb
create app/channels/application_cable/connection.rb
create app/controllers/application_controller.rb
create app/helpers/application_helper.rb
create app/javascript/channels/consumer.js
create app/javascript/channels/index.js
create app/javascript/packs/application.js
create app/jobs/application_job.rb
create app/mailers/application_mailer.rb
create app/models/application_record.rb
create app/views/layouts/application.html.erb
create app/views/layouts/mailer.html.erb
create app/views/layouts/mailer.text.erb
create app/assets/images
create app/assets/images/.keep
create app/controllers/concerns/.keep
create app/models/concerns/.keep
create bin
create bin/rails
create bin/rake
create bin/setup
create bin/yarn
create config
create config/routes.rb
create config/application.rb
create config/environment.rb
create config/puma.rb
create config/spring.rb
create config/storage.yml
create config/environments
create config/environments/development.rb
create config/environments/production.rb
create config/environments/test.rb
create config/initializers
create config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
create config/initializers/assets.rb
create config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
create config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
create config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
create config/initializers/cors.rb
create config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
create config/initializers/inflections.rb
create config/initializers/mime_types.rb
create config/initializers/new_framework_defaults_6_0.rb
create config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
create config/locales
create config/locales/en.yml
create config/master.key
append .gitignore
create config/boot.rb
create config/database.yml
create db
create db/seeds.rb
create lib
create lib/tasks
create lib/tasks/.keep
create lib/assets
create lib/assets/.keep
create log
create log/.keep
create public
create public/404.html
create public/422.html
create public/500.html
create public/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png
create public/apple-touch-icon.png
create public/favicon.ico
create public/robots.txt
create tmp
create tmp/.keep
create tmp/pids
create tmp/pids/.keep
create tmp/cache
create tmp/cache/assets
create vendor
create vendor/.keep
create test/fixtures
create test/fixtures/.keep
create test/fixtures/files
create test/fixtures/files/.keep
create test/controllers
create test/controllers/.keep
create test/mailers
create test/mailers/.keep
create test/models
create test/models/.keep
create test/helpers
create test/helpers/.keep
create test/integration
create test/integration/.keep
create test/channels/application_cable/connection_test.rb
create test/test_helper.rb
create test/system
create test/system/.keep
create test/application_system_test_case.rb
create storage
create storage/.keep
create tmp/storage
create tmp/storage/.keep
remove app/javascript/channels
remove app/channels
remove test/channels
remove config/initializers/cors.rb
remove config/initializers/new_framework_defaults_6_0.rb
run bundle install
Fetching gem metadata from <https://rubygems.org/>...........
Resolving dependencies........
Using rake 13.0.6
Using concurrent-ruby 1.1.9
Using builder 3.2.4
Using erubi 1.10.0
Using racc 1.6.0
Using thread_safe 0.3.6
Using minitest 5.15.0
Using rack 2.2.3
Using nio4r 2.5.8
Using websocket-extensions 0.1.5
Using marcel 1.0.2
Using mini_mime 1.1.2
Using public_suffix 4.0.6
Using bindex 0.8.1
Using msgpack 1.4.2
Using bundler 2.2.7
Using byebug 11.1.3
Using matrix 0.4.2
Using regexp_parser 2.2.0
Using childprocess 4.1.0
Using ffi 1.15.5
Using rb-fsevent 0.11.0
Using method_source 1.0.0
Using thor 1.2.1
Using rexml 3.2.5
Using rubyzip 2.3.2
Using tilt 2.0.10
Using spring 2.1.1
Using sqlite3 1.4.2
Using turbolinks-source 5.2.0
Using zeitwerk 2.5.3
Using crass 1.0.6
Using i18n 1.8.11
Using tzinfo 1.2.9
Using nokogiri 1.13.1 (x86_64-darwin)
Using rack-test 1.1.0
Using websocket-driver 0.7.5
Using mail 2.7.1
Using addressable 2.8.0
Using bootsnap 1.9.4
Using rb-inotify 0.10.1
Using puma 4.3.10
Using rack-proxy 0.7.2
Using sprockets 4.0.2
Using sassc 2.4.0
Using selenium-webdriver 4.1.0
Using turbolinks 5.2.1
Using activesupport 6.0.4.4
Using webdrivers 5.0.0
Using loofah 2.13.0
Using xpath 3.2.0
Using listen 3.7.1
Using rails-dom-testing 2.0.3
Using capybara 3.36.0
Using spring-watcher-listen 2.0.1
Using globalid 1.0.0
Using activemodel 6.0.4.4
Using rails-html-sanitizer 1.4.2
Using actionview 6.0.4.4
Using activejob 6.0.4.4
Using activerecord 6.0.4.4
Using jbuilder 2.11.5
Using actionpack 6.0.4.4
Using actioncable 6.0.4.4
Using activestorage 6.0.4.4
Using actionmailer 6.0.4.4
Using railties 6.0.4.4
Using sprockets-rails 3.4.2
Using actionmailbox 6.0.4.4
Using actiontext 6.0.4.4
Using sassc-rails 2.1.2
Using web-console 4.2.0
Using webpacker 4.3.0
Using rails 6.0.4.4
Using sass-rails 6.0.0
Bundle complete! 17 Gemfile dependencies, 75 gems now installed.
Use `bundle info [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
run bundle binstubs bundler
run bundle exec spring binstub --all
* bin/rake: Spring inserted
* bin/rails: Spring inserted
rails webpacker:install
create config/webpacker.yml
Copying webpack core config
create config/webpack
create config/webpack/development.js
create config/webpack/environment.js
create config/webpack/production.js
create config/webpack/test.js
Copying postcss.config.js to app root directory
create postcss.config.js
Copying babel.config.js to app root directory
create babel.config.js
Copying .browserslistrc to app root directory
create .browserslistrc
The JavaScript app source directory already exists
apply /Users/SAYO/.rbenv/versions/2.6.6/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/webpacker-4.3.0/lib/install/binstubs.rb
Copying binstubs
exist bin
create bin/webpack
create bin/webpack-dev-server
append .gitignore
Installing all JavaScript dependencies [4.3.0]
run yarn add @rails/[email protected] from "."
yarn add v1.22.10
info No lockfile found.
[1/4] 🔍 Resolving packages...
warning @rails/webpacker > node-sass > [email protected]: request has been deprecated, see <https://github.com/request/request/issues/3142>
warning @rails/webpacker > node-sass > node-gyp > [email protected]: request has been deprecated, see <https://github.com/request/request/issues/3142>
warning @rails/webpacker > node-sass > node-gyp > [email protected]: This version of tar is no longer supported, and will not receive security updates. Please upgrade asap.
warning @rails/webpacker > node-sass > request > [email protected]: this library is no longer supported
warning @rails/webpacker > node-sass > request > [email protected]: Please upgrade to version 7 or higher. Older versions may use Math.random() in certain circumstances, which is known to be problematic. See <https://v8.dev/blog/math-random> for details.
warning @rails/webpacker > webpack > watchpack > watchpack-chokidar2 > [email protected]: Chokidar 2 will break on node v14+. Upgrade to chokidar 3 with 15x less dependencies.
warning @rails/webpacker > webpack > watchpack > watchpack-chokidar2 > chokidar > [email protected]: fsevents 1 will break on node v14+ and could be using insecure binaries. Upgrade to fsevents 2.
warning @rails/webpacker > postcss-preset-env > postcss-color-functional-notation > postcss-values-parser > [email protected]: flatten is deprecated in favor of utility frameworks such as lodash.
warning @rails/webpacker > webpack > node-libs-browser > url > [email protected]: The querystring API is considered Legacy. new code should use the URLSearchParams API instead.
warning @rails/webpacker > webpack > micromatch > snapdragon > [email protected]: See <https://github.com/lydell/source-map-resolve#deprecated>
warning @rails/webpacker > optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin > cssnano > cssnano-preset-default > postcss-svgo > [email protected]: This SVGO version is no longer supported. Upgrade to v2.x.x.
warning @rails/webpacker > webpack > micromatch > snapdragon > source-map-resolve > [email protected]: See <https://github.com/lydell/source-map-url#deprecated>
warning @rails/webpacker > webpack > micromatch > snapdragon > source-map-resolve > [email protected]: <https://github.com/lydell/resolve-url#deprecated>
warning @rails/webpacker > webpack > micromatch > snapdragon > source-map-resolve > [email protected]: Please see <https://github.com/lydell/urix#deprecated>
[2/4] 🚚 Fetching packages...
[3/4] 🔗 Linking dependencies...
[4/4] 🔨 Building fresh packages...
success Saved lockfile.
success Saved 608 new dependencies.
info Direct dependencies
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info All dependencies
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Installing dev server for live reloading
run yarn add --dev webpack-dev-server from "."
yarn add v1.22.10
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warning "webpack-dev-server > [email protected]" has unmet peer dependency "webpack@^4.0.0 || ^5.0.0".
warning " > [email protected]" has unmet peer dependency "webpack@^4.37.0 || ^5.0.0".
[4/4] 🔨 Building fresh packages...
success Saved lockfile.
success Saved 124 new dependencies.
info Direct dependencies
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info All dependencies
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✨ Done in 14.98s.
Webpacker successfully installed 🎉 🍰
作成されたアプリケーションをGitHubにアップロードしておきます。GitHub上で新しいリポジトリを作成して、下記の手順で行いました。
# ローカルリポジトリを作成
$ git init
Reinitialized existing Git repository in /Users/SAYO/workspace/perfect_rails/awesome_events/.git/
# ステージング状態（アップロードの対象）にする
$ git add .
# コミットする
$ git commit -m "first commit"
[master (root-commit) 27035e9] first commit
86 files changed, 9609 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 .browserslistrc
create mode 100644 .gitignore
create mode 100644 .ruby-version
create mode 100644 Gemfile
create mode 100644 Gemfile.lock
create mode 100644 README.md
create mode 100644 Rakefile
create mode 100644 app/assets/config/manifest.js
create mode 100644 app/assets/images/.keep
create mode 100644 app/assets/stylesheets/application.css
create mode 100644 app/controllers/application_controller.rb
create mode 100644 app/controllers/concerns/.keep
create mode 100644 app/helpers/application_helper.rb
create mode 100644 app/javascript/packs/application.js
create mode 100644 app/jobs/application_job.rb
create mode 100644 app/mailers/application_mailer.rb
create mode 100644 app/models/application_record.rb
create mode 100644 app/models/concerns/.keep
create mode 100644 app/views/layouts/application.html.erb
create mode 100644 app/views/layouts/mailer.html.erb
create mode 100644 app/views/layouts/mailer.text.erb
create mode 100644 babel.config.js
create mode 100755 bin/bundle
create mode 100755 bin/rails
create mode 100755 bin/rake
create mode 100755 bin/setup
create mode 100755 bin/spring
create mode 100755 bin/webpack
create mode 100755 bin/webpack-dev-server
create mode 100755 bin/yarn
create mode 100644 config.ru
create mode 100644 config/application.rb
create mode 100644 config/boot.rb
create mode 100644 config/credentials.yml.enc
create mode 100644 config/database.yml
create mode 100644 config/environment.rb
create mode 100644 config/environments/development.rb
create mode 100644 config/environments/production.rb
create mode 100644 config/environments/test.rb
create mode 100644 config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
create mode 100644 config/initializers/assets.rb
create mode 100644 config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
create mode 100644 config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
create mode 100644 config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
create mode 100644 config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
create mode 100644 config/initializers/inflections.rb
create mode 100644 config/initializers/mime_types.rb
create mode 100644 config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
create mode 100644 config/locales/en.yml
create mode 100644 config/puma.rb
create mode 100644 config/routes.rb
create mode 100644 config/spring.rb
create mode 100644 config/storage.yml
create mode 100644 config/webpack/development.js
create mode 100644 config/webpack/environment.js
create mode 100644 config/webpack/production.js
create mode 100644 config/webpack/test.js
create mode 100644 config/webpacker.yml
create mode 100644 db/seeds.rb
create mode 100644 lib/assets/.keep
create mode 100644 lib/tasks/.keep
create mode 100644 log/.keep
create mode 100644 package.json
create mode 100644 postcss.config.js
create mode 100644 public/404.html
create mode 100644 public/422.html
create mode 100644 public/500.html
create mode 100644 public/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png
create mode 100644 public/apple-touch-icon.png
create mode 100644 public/favicon.ico
create mode 100644 public/robots.txt
create mode 100644 storage/.keep
create mode 100644 test/application_system_test_case.rb
create mode 100644 test/controllers/.keep
create mode 100644 test/fixtures/.keep
create mode 100644 test/fixtures/files/.keep
create mode 100644 test/helpers/.keep
create mode 100644 test/integration/.keep
create mode 100644 test/mailers/.keep
create mode 100644 test/models/.keep
create mode 100644 test/system/.keep
create mode 100644 test/test_helper.rb
create mode 100644 tmp/.keep
create mode 100644 tmp/pids/.keep
create mode 100644 vendor/.keep
create mode 100644 yarn.lock
# ローカルとgithub（リモート）を関連付けてアップロード
$ git remote add origin [email protected]:kimurasayo/awesome_events.git
# ブランチ名をmainに変更
$ git branch -M main
# ローカルにmainをpushする
$ git push -u origin main
Enumerating objects: 93, done.
Counting objects: 100% (93/93), done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (77/77), done.
Writing objects: 100% (93/93), 156.16 KiB | 1.11 MiB/s, done.
Total 93 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: Resolving deltas: 100% (3/3), done.
To github.com:kimurasayo/awesome_events.git
* [new branch] main -> main
Branch 'main' set up to track remote branch 'main' from 'origin'.
【初心者向け】ローカルファイルをGitHubにアップロードする方法【GitHub】 | grandstream blog
今回はHTMLのテンプレートエンジンとしてHamlを使用していきます。RailsでHamlを使うときはHamlitを使います。HamlitはHamlの拡張でHamlをより高速にしたもので、記法はHamlと同様です。
Gemfileに下記を追加してbundle installを行います。
gem 'hamlit-rails', '~> 0.2.3'
rails newした時点ではERB形式で書かれたビューが存在するので、Haml形式に変換するためにgemを追加します。
gem 'html2haml', '~> 2.2.0'
そして下記のコマンドを打って変換します。
$ bin/rails hamlit:erb2haml
Generating .haml for app/views/layouts/application.html.erb...
Generating .haml for app/views/layouts/mailer.html.erb...
Generating .haml for app/views/layouts/mailer.text.erb...
# erbファイルを削除するか聞かれているのでyを選択
Do you want to delete original .erb files? (y/n): y
Deleting original .erb files...
app/views/layouts/application.html.erb
app/views/layouts/mailer.html.erb
app/views/layouts/mailer.text.erb
Finished to convert erb files.
hamlに変更できたらhtml2hamlのgemは不要になるのでGemfileから消去してbundle installします。html2hamlはhamlを依存関係に持っているため2つのテンプレートエンジン（hamlとhtml2haml）が混在しているのは良くないです。